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FURNITURE · ESPR PRIORITY PRODUCT GROUP

Digital Product Passports for Furniture

Furniture is an ESPR priority product group. The current plan points to 2028 for adoption of a furniture delegated act—not a compliance deadline. Final scope, passport requirements and application timing remain open.

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Current position

Regulatory status at a glance

The ESPR framework exists, but binding furniture-specific rules will depend on a future delegated act.

Priority

ESPR priority product group

The 2025–2030 working plan prioritises furniture for product-specific ecodesign work.

Scope

Furniture-specific rules pending

Final covered products and exclusions are not defined by the furniture delegated act yet.

Indicative timing

2028 adoption target

The Working Plan and current Commission DPP roadmap point to 2028 for adoption of a furniture delegated act. This is indicative, not a company compliance deadline.

Uncertainty

Requirements are not final

The delegated act will determine product scope, performance and information requirements, and applicable timing.

Potential scope

Who may be affected

Furniture manufacturers and other operators placing covered products on the EU market may be affected, including imports and private-label products. The final furniture types, exclusions and each operator’s duties depend on the delegated act. The Working Plan treats mattresses separately: indicative delegated-act adoption is planned for 2029, versus 2028 for furniture; this page does not cover them in detail.

Economic operators

  • Furniture manufacturers
  • Contract, office and residential furniture brands
  • Importers
  • Private-label retailers and other economic operators
  • Component and material suppliers providing evidence

Regulatory sequence

Furniture DPP timeline

The ESPR framework and horizontal DPP work are distinct from furniture-specific obligations. Adoption does not mean immediate application.

  1. 2024

    ESPR establishes the framework

    Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishes the framework for product-specific ecodesign requirements and Digital Product Passports.

  2. April 2025

    Furniture prioritised

    The Working Plan 2025–2030 identifies furniture as a priority product group.

  3. Current status

    Horizontal DPP work

    The Commission provides information on the DPP framework, registry and economic-operator guidance. Furniture-specific scope and rules remain pending.

  4. 2028Indicative

    Furniture delegated act planned

    This is the current indicative adoption target, not a company compliance or application deadline.

  5. Application dateNot yet defined

    Compliance start depends on final delegated act

    The application date has not yet been defined; it will depend on the adopted furniture rules.

Confirmed framework

What is already known about the DPP framework?

ESPR establishes the framework for passports where a product-specific delegated act requires one. It does not yet settle the furniture dataset.

  • Unique product identity

    Each passport is linked to a persistent unique product identifier. The level of identification for furniture remains to be set.

  • Physical data carrier

    A physical data carrier provides access to the passport. Its placement for furniture remains to be set.

  • Interoperable data

    DPP data uses open standards and interoperable formats and, where appropriate, is machine-readable, structured, searchable, and transferable.

  • Reliable information

    Information in the passport must be accurate, complete, and kept up to date.

  • Product-specific rules

    The furniture delegated act will set any product-specific performance and information requirements, including DPP fields.

Pending delegated act

What is still to be defined for furniture?

The delegated act must establish the binding details. Preparatory studies and existing policies do not set the final furniture DPP obligations.

  • Product scope

    Final furniture types covered and any exclusions.

  • Required DPP data

    The final fields and evidence requirements are not defined.

  • Passport granularity

    Whether a passport is required at model, batch, or individual-item level, including treatment of variants.

  • Data-carrier placement

    Where the carrier must appear on a product, packaging, or accompanying documents.

  • Access rights

    Which fields will be public and which restricted to defined actors.

  • Performance requirements

    Any binding durability, repairability, circularity or other performance criteria.

  • Not yet defined

    Application date

    The start of any applicable obligation will depend on the final act.

  • Responsibilities

    The specific duties of manufacturers, importers, retailers and other economic operators.

Provisional only

Possible furniture data categories

These are provisional preparation areas for multi-material products, not final mandatory DPP fields. The delegated act will determine what, if anything, must be reported and at what level:

  1. 01Product identification, type and model
  2. 02Material and component composition
  3. 03Supplier and component evidence
  4. 04Durability and repairability information
  5. 05Spare-parts and disassembly information where required
  6. 06Recycled-content and recyclability information
  7. 07Substances and material safety information
  8. 08Environmental and sustainability information
  9. 09Compliance documentation

Readiness pathway

Five steps to start now

Prepare reusable product and evidence foundations without assuming future legal requirements.

  1. Map models and variants

    Document configurable product structures and the relationships between models, options and components.

  2. Clean component-level BOMs

    Bring wood, metals, plastics, textiles, foams, glass and other components into a consistent bill of materials.

  3. Find supplier evidence gaps

    Identify which material, component and supporting records are missing or depend on suppliers.

  4. Assign data ownership

    Define owners for repair, spare-parts, material and evidence data and their review and updates.

  5. Build a stable product-data model

    Connect identifiers, component records and evidence so long-lived furniture products can support controlled DPP updates as requirements evolve.

Ease your transition with Circlepass

Want help working through this list? We can support your team step by step.

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How Circlepass helps

Connect components, suppliers and evidence

Circlepass helps teams structure product and supplier data, link evidence and manage ownership and controlled updates across product lifecycles. This supports readiness as requirements evolve; it is not a certification or compliance guarantee.

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Furniture DPP questions

Is a furniture Digital Product Passport mandatory now?

No final furniture-specific DPP obligation exists at the review date. ESPR sets the framework; a future delegated act will define any binding furniture requirements and application date.

Is 2028 the compliance deadline?

No. 2028 is an indicative target for adoption of the furniture delegated act, not an application or company compliance deadline. The application date is not yet defined.

Which furniture products will be included?

Final furniture scope and exclusions have not been defined. Do not treat examples in studies or existing policy as a definitive list. Mattresses are a separate Working Plan priority and are not addressed in detail here.

Are imported and private-label products affected?

Potentially. Covered products placed on the EU market may include imports and private-label products. Specific duties will depend on the final rules and each economic operator’s role.

What kind of material and repair information may matter?

Component composition, supplier evidence, durability, repair, spares, disassembly, circularity and material safety are useful preparation areas. No furniture-specific DPP field list is final or mandatory yet.

How should furniture manufacturers prepare?

Map models and variants, clean multi-material component BOMs, identify supplier evidence gaps, assign ownership for repair and materials information, and build a product-data model that supports updates over long lifecycles.

Official EU sources

Regulatory references last checked on 24 September 2026

  1. 01Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (EU) 2024/1781
  2. 02ESPR and Energy Labelling Working Plan 2025–2030
  3. 03European Commission: Digital Product Passport overview
  4. 04European Commission: DPP Registry
  5. 05European Commission: Guidance for economic operators
  6. 06JRC: ESPR study on new product priorities
  7. 07EU Ecolabel furniture criteria (existing-policy context, not future DPP requirements)